This article needs additional citations for. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (April 2011) () () Wireless Application Protocol ( WAP) is a for accessing information over a mobile.
Software Managed Wireless Access Points Unified Wireless: Controller Managed Access Points Unified Wireless. WAP Software. Symbian Symbian was established as a private independent company in June 1998 and is owned by Ericsson, Nokia, Matsushita.
WBMP format is the only one image format supported by all WAP based software and hardware. Tiger II WML Editor is a tool designed for WML documents editing. On this kind of documents Tiger II WML Editor is a tool designed for WML documents editing. On this kind of documents.
A WAP browser is a for such as that uses the protocol. Introduced with much hype in 1999, WAP achieved some popularity in the early 2000s, but by the 2010s it had been largely superseded by more modern standards. Most modern handset internet browsers now fully support, so they do not need to use WAP markup for web page compatibility, and therefore, most are no longer able to render and display pages written in WML, WAP's markup language. Before the introduction of WAP, mobile service providers had limited opportunities to offer interactive data services, but needed interactivity to support and applications such as email, stock prices, news and sports headlines.
The Japanese system offered another major competing wireless data protocol. • • • WAP protocol stack [ ] The WAP standard described a or stack allowing the interoperability of WAP equipment and software with different network technologies, such as and (also known as ).
Wireless Application Environment (WAE) WAP protocol suite Wireless Session Protocol (WSP) Wireless Transaction Protocol (WTP) Wireless Transport Layer Security (WTLS) Wireless Datagram Protocol (WDP) *** Any wireless data network *** The bottom-most protocol in the suite, the (WDP), functions as an adaptation layer that makes every data network look a bit like to the upper layers by providing unreliable transport of data with two 16-bit port numbers (origin and destination). All the upper layers view WDP as one and the same protocol, which has several 'technical realizations' on top of other 'data bearers' such as,, etc. On native IP bearers such as, packet-radio service, or on top of a circuit-switched data connection, WDP is in fact exactly UDP., an optional layer, provides a -based security mechanism similar to. Provides transaction support (reliable request/response) adapted to the wireless world. WTP supports more effectively than the problem of packet loss, which occurs commonly in 2G wireless technologies in most radio conditions, but is misinterpreted by TCP as network congestion.
Finally, one can think of initially as a compressed version of. This protocol suite allows a terminal to transmit requests that have an or equivalent to a; the gateway translates requests into plain HTTP. The Wireless Application Environment (WAE) space defines application-specific markup languages. For WAP version 1.X, the primary language of the WAE is (WML). In WAP 2.0, the primary markup language is.
WAP Push [ ]. WAP Push process WAP Push was incorporated into the specification to allow the WAP content to be pushed to the mobile handset with minimal user intervention.
A WAP Push is basically a specially encoded message which includes a link to a WAP address. WAP Push was specified on top of (WDP); as such, it can be delivered over any WDP-supported bearer, such as GPRS or SMS. Most GSM networks have a wide range of modified processors, but GPRS activation from the network is not generally supported, so WAP Push messages have to be delivered on top of the SMS bearer. On receiving a WAP Push, a WAP 1.2 (or later) -enabled handset will automatically give the user the option to access the WAP content.
This is also known as WAP Push SI (). A variant, known as WAP Push SL (), directly opens the browser to display the WAP content, without user interaction. Since this behaviour raises security concerns, some handsets handle WAP Push SL messages in the same way as SI, by providing user interaction. The network entity that processes WAP Pushes and delivers them over an IP or SMS Bearer is known as a (PPG). WAP 2.0 [ ] A re-engineered 2.0 version was released in 2002. It uses a cut-down version of with end-to-end, dropping the gateway and custom protocol suite used to communicate with it.